What is Autism?
Autism is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition that influences how an individual communicates, interacts, and relates to others, as well as how they perceive and interpret the world around them.
Autism is characterised by challenges or differences in three key areas that all autistic individuals share:
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Social Communication: Difficulties in understanding and using verbal and non-verbal communication to interact effectively with others.
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Sensory Differences: Unusual responses to sensory input, such as heightened or reduced sensitivity to sounds, textures, lights, or smells.
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Flexible Thinking and Restricted Interests: A preference for routines and predictability, alongside intensely focused interests or hobbies.
Autism often co-occurs with other conditions, such as:
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
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Dyspraxia
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Learning Disabilities
Additionally, autistic individuals may experience mental health challenges, physical health issues, or sensory disabilities.
Autism is described as a spectrum because it presents in a wide variety of ways. Some individuals may have average or above-average intelligence, succeed in mainstream education, and require little or no specialist support. Others may face significant challenges, including learning disabilities and additional impairments, requiring more extensive and specialised services.
Every autistic person is unique. Autism affects people differently, meaning that support and services must be tailored to each individual’s specific needs and circumstances to be truly effective.
For more detailed information and resources about autism and the challenges faced by autistic individuals and their families, visit the National Autistic Society website.